Possibly. VoiceAttack uses standard Windows API functions to create the hook, and under normal circumstances it should remain in place as long as VoiceAttack is running.
However, other software may attempt to create its own hook, breaking VoiceAttack's in the process, or to remove all hooks from the system.
The former may more likely occur with applications that utilize global keyboard shortcuts or otherwise intercept keyboard input, while the latter may more likely occur with things like antivirus software.
As an aside, it should normally be possible to install Windows 11 cleanly and activating it using a Windows 10 license, without installing Windows 10 first.
I would assume that to be less likely to cause issues, as can sometimes occur with upgrading an existing installation.
Either way, you'll want to run
a system file scan just in case.